THE IMPORTANCE OF WATER BUDGET AND EVAPOTRANSPIRATION CONCEPTS IN THE GEOGRAPHIC CURRICULUM
(pp. 1 – 8)
William C. Rense
Shippensburg State College
Shippensburg, Pennsylvania
Abstract
Water is perhaps the single most fundamental element in the physical environment. Thus, the allocation and movement of water within the earth's ecosystems and landscapes is of critical interest and importance. The use of water budget concepts allows these movements and allocations to be both calculated and predicted. Most commonly, water budgets are considered only as an aspect of climate, but in actuality water budget concepts figure prominently in elements of hydrology, natural vegetation, agriculture soil and geomorphology.
MOTIVATIONAL USE OF ADAPTABLE DESIGNS IN REINFORCING GEOGRAPHIC-SOCIAL STUDIES CONTENT
(pp. 8 – 18)
Randall A. Pelow
Shippensburg State College
Shippensburg, Pennsylvania
Abstract
Teachers are always looking for convenient ideas which will enhance the quality of their teaching. On the basis of many workshops presented to teacher groups on teaching strategies, the most popular segment has been activities which have adaptable designs.
THE CONCEPTUAL APPROACH TO A PROGRAM IN GEOGRAPHIC GEOGRAPHY
(pp. 18 – 22)
Katherine Montgomery
Greensburg-Salem School District
Greensburg, Pennsylvania
Eugenia Baxter
Ringgold School District
Monongahela, Pennsylvania
Abstract
Geography is concerned with the spatial relationships of basic concepts of both natural (physical and biological) and behavioral sciences (anthropology, sociology, psychology, history, political science and economics). Geography thus draws 18 from each of these disciplines to understand how man occupies a place on earth. The place of geography within the total social studies program has made the conceptual approach meaningful, workable and measurable.
RAINFALL IN THE CUMBERLAND VALLEY OF PENNSYLVANIA NEAR SHIPPENSBURG, SUMMER, 1981
(pp. 23 – 31)
Ronald M. McCall
Shippensburg State College
Shippensburg, Pennsylvania
Abstract
How representative of the surrounding landscape is the precipitation sample caught in an official National Weather Service rain gage? Located on the campus of Shippensburg State College is one of the one hundred plus National Weather Service cooperative observer stations in Pennsylvania. For nearly half a century, Shippensburg has been the site of such a station and for the past sixteen years it has been the responsibility of the author to operate the station. Daily temperature and rainfall plus other data are reported to the National Weather Service at the close of each month. In addition, unusually heavy rainfall amounts are reported to the River Forecast Service in Harrisburg as soon as the rain occurs.